Niño 3.4 Index Current Affairs for UPSC
A complete UPSC revision trail for Niño 3.4 Index: 2 published analyses, their syllabus connections and closely related themes.
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El Niño 2026–27 Explained: WMO Warning, RONI and Risks for India
WMO forecasts an exceptionally strong El Niño near the end of 2026, with impacts extending into 2027. The warning highlights Pacific warming, India’s rainfall risks and the need to interpret climate forecasts carefully.
El Niño Emerges in Pacific: How ENSO, IOD and IMD's 2026 Forecast Shape India's Monsoon
The India Meteorological Department (IMD), in its June 2026 ENSO and Indian Ocean Dipole bulletin, has confirmed that El Niño conditions have emerged over the equatorial Pacific Ocean and are likely to strengthen through the southwest monsoon season. The announcement follows a similar confirmation by the US NOAA and accompanies IMD's revised 2026 monsoon forecast of 90% of the Long Period Average — a "below normal" season. This article explains El Niño, the ENSO cycle, the Niño 3.4 index and the Indian Ocean Dipole, shows how the Walker Circulation links Pacific warming to a weaker Indian monsoon, and assesses what a deficient monsoon means for agriculture, food prices and heatwaves in India.
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